Goethe’s plotting Essay

In the intellectual history of Europe, Johann Wolfgang yon Goethe is central to the development of Romantic thinking, which was contemporary in his day. Goethe attempted to see the world in a new light; he reconsiders old questions of good and evil, as well as questions about human nature. The story of Faust allows such considerations. Romantics strive for something beyond their reach, beyond anyone’s reach. Contentment is not their goal. One place that we see Faust’s striving is in his conversation on â€Å"unrest† with Wagner (699-702). Just as Wagner illustrates the normal academic who thinks that books hold all the answers he needs, Faust as a Romantic has come both to realize the limitations of what’s in books and to be unwilling to accept those limitations. Wagner thinks Faust should enjoy the reputation he has as a doctor among the peasants, but Faust knows the reputation is a sham. He and his father were in truth helpless against the ravages of the plague (although they obviously at least comforted the sick). Faust’s aspirations permit him to make a bargain with Mephistopheles, especially since a part of the bet involves Mephistopheles’ belief that Faust will eventually enjoy contentment. Rather than seeking knowledge, which had been a goal of the Faust of German and English tradition, Goethe’s Faust seeks experience and feeling. This also makes his quest apart of the Romantic tradition. The Romantic hero must approach life’s mysteries by active participation, not by reflection. When Faust and Mephistopheles see the witch for her medicine, what Faust wants is youth, so that he can experience what he may have missed while he was absorbed in his studies. And what he comes to want then is Margaret, the peasant maid who looks like a beauty to the revitalized man. The Romantic has spiritual goals, but they’re usually outside of conventional religions. We see this most directly in the scene between Gretchen and Faust. She wants him to be a Christian, but Faust’s spirituality cannot be contained by dogma. To follow this Romantic thread, think of Christianity as a revealed religion, embraced by the European and German society of the time. It made many late eighteenths and early nineteenth century people feel safe and secure. You can see how this picture of comfort might fall outside of the Romantic’s striving, since he seeks a mystery beyond the conventional. The Romantic hero must be willing to break free of bounds, no matter the consequences. Another key romantic characteristic is a faith in nature as a creative source, as both a source of comfort and energy. Faust expresses his enthusiasm early when he contrasts the value of experiencing nature with the deadness of books (685). What impresses him about Easter is the revitalizing force of spring rather than the story of Jesus (695-6). It is the exalted spirit of nature that he credits with allowing him to penetrate Gretchens heart, and that he credits with giving him the companion Mephistopheles 747-48 -48). Conclusion Besides a faith in nature, romantics idealize childhood and women, seeing in them a purity and honesty of emotions that are difficult to attain in the intellectual and adult worlds. This romanticism can be seen in Goethe’s plotting, as he has the church bell remind Faust of his childhood so that the character does not commit suicide early in the play. Also, the love affair with Gretchen leads to the drama’s climax. References Faust Supplemented Study Guide: Retrieved from World Wide Web http://faculty. southwest. tn. edu/llipinski/ENGL2320T201/content/lesson18_handout. htm Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. Faust, Publisher, Oxford University Press, 1998.

Analysis Of A Linear Accelerator

Analysis Of A Linear Accelerator Nowadays patient with cancer are treated by radiation, surgery, chemotherapy or with a combination of these options. The radiotherapy treatment unit used to deliver radiation to cancerous cells and tissues is the linear accelerator, also known as linac. The linear accelerator has been defined by Khan F. M. (2003) as a device that uses high-frequency electromagnetic waves to accelerate electrons, to high energies through a linear tube. The electron beam itself can be used for treating superficial toumors, or it can strike a target to produce x-rays for treating deep-seated toumors. The energy used for the radiotherapy treatment of deep situated tissues varies from 6-15 MV (photons) and the treatment of superficial toumors (less than 5cm deep) is between 6-20MeV. (Khan, 2003) The purpose of this essay is to describe a linear accelerator, analyse its components in the stand and the gantry of the linac, and explain the principles of operation and then discuss why it is best situated to the task for which it was designed. Some advantages and disadvantages of the linac will also be included in the discussion part of the essay. Main body: Figure 1:http://www.cerebromente.org.br/ As you can see from the schematic picture above, the major components of a linac are: Klystron: source of microwave power Electron gun: source of electrons. Waveguide (feed and accelerating waveguide): microwaves travel through the feed waveguide and then to the accelerating waveguide, where electrons are accelerated from the electron gun. Circulator: a device that prevents microwaves of being reflected back from the accelerator. Cooling water system: cools the components of the linac. Bending magnet: â€Å"A bending magnet is used to change the direction of the accelerated electron beam from horizontal to vertical.† (Hendee et al, 2005) X-ray target: electrons hit the target and produce x-rays. Flattening filter: even out the intensity of the beam. Ionisation chambers: they control th e dose leaving the head of the linac. Beam collimation: shape the radiation beam to a certain size Klystron: There are two types of microwave power. The klystron and the magnetron. Magnetrons are used for lower energy linacs. In the high energy linear accelerator klystron is used. All modern linacs have klystrons. Both klystron and magnetron are special types of evacuated tubes that are used to produce microwave power to accelerate electrons. (Karzmark and Morton, 1998). â€Å"The tube requires a low-power radiofrequency oscillator to supply radiofrequency power to the first cavity called the buncher.† (Hendee et al, 2005) In the bunching cavity, electrons produced from the electron gun, are bunched together to regulate their speed. The microwave frequency is thousands times higher than ordinary radio wave frequency. For a linac to work, the microwave frequency needed is 3 billion cycles per second. (3000MHz) (Karzmark and Morton, 1998) Electron gun: The electron gun is part of the klystron. Here, electrons are produced and then accelerated to radiofrequency cavities. The source of electrons is a directly heated filament made from tungsten, which will release electrons by thermionic emission. (Bomford, 2003) Tungsten is used because it is a good thermionic emitter with high atomic number, providing a good source of electrons. Klystrons usually have 3-5 cavities, used to bunch electrons together and increase microwave power amplification.

Case study Case Study 6 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Case study Case Study 6 - Essay Example The trial period of the 59 participants, who at least managed to decide on attempt at quitting, serves to realize ‘quality life’ objective in the sense that this might leave a chance to induce the smoker to consider the application in the future. Quality long life, by all means, appeals to the attention especially of those whose unbreakable chain habit is up to seek serious and thorough remedy. Program experience in its efficiency allows choices to be contemplated upon with enough duration so that each participant’s response to objective through behavior is monitored. There is then a way of determining whether the working objective or goal set is attainable and up to which degree, to enable assessment of the evaluation procedure itself. Reduced insurance cost is rather indirectly pertained to as one of the main targets but while this projected benefit earns returns on savings for the company, it would be able to sustain other areas that facilitate improvement of its services to all employees. Because smoking cessation program promotes health restoration and long life, this affects an individual’s well-being and soundness at work and with any other physical activities outside. Thus, the acquired goal effect once the smoker, on quitting, does not yield to withdrawals until the evaluation is completed, would have him develop consistent patterns of increased productivity and lowered absenteeism. The goal to render smoking workers to establish reversed habit and cure any existing ailments caused by the old vice, in the process, has made the hospital become capable of adjusting with campaign cost given that the expected savings from each participant is a function of age according to published research (Posavac). Gradually thus, the implementation of the program across-the-board realizes unforeseen investments for the company besides the sole aim to lead hazardous frequencies of corporate smoking to cessation and other healthy occasions

Chemistry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

Chemistry - Essay Example The particular orbital and electron configuration for potassium may be represented in this manner: K1s2 2s2 2p6 33s2 3p6 4s1 4) Covalent Bonding-Covalent bonds are among the strongest of the bonds because it actually engages in sharing electrons between 2 atoms, thus allowing their bond to be much more stable. Ionic bonds are characterized by the fact that they are bonds which form between two metal or non metal ions. It is essentially the attraction between these two ions which allows for the ionic bond to form. 5). When going down group ! On the periodic tables, name how ionic radius and hydrated radius change. Ionic radius goes up as the one scrolls down the group but the hydration radius however, lowers as one scrolls down the group. 5). When referring to proteins, it can be said that proteins are either primary, secondary, tertiary or quaternary. This is simply referring to their structure. Proteins are composed of amino acids. The first protein structure to discuss is primary proteins which are the simplest of the protein structures. One may look this this: A secondary protein is found when observing along chain polypeptide and then suddenly, the appearance of alpha helices and beta pleated sheets appear. These more complex protein structures are known as secondary proteins. Tertiary proteins are simply the long chain of polypeptides as a whole. This long chain, consisting of primary and secondary proteins, folds in and around itself forming a 3 dimensional structure. The final and specific protein shape is known as quaternary protein configurations. This is often a case of many polypeptide chains all wound together, equipped with primary structures, alpha helices and beta pleated sheets of the secondary proteins and so on. 10). Structural isomer- The structural isomer for hexane is C6H12 with 5 structural isomers. Structural isomers exists fro the

Critical thinking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Critical thinking - Essay Example This is because, all the three planets originated from tiny grains of dust, forming rocky pebbles. The fact that they developed from similar particles may point to the similarity of their mineral components, though their climate and atmosphere significantly defers. While beach sand, diamond, gold nuggets, water, fishbone, and emerald are minerals, wood and vitamin pills are not a mineral. The former are minerals because they are naturally formed chemical substances that have assumed atomic features. Wood is not a chemical substance but a composition of hard tissues, while vitamin pills not naturally formed. The approximated age of the rocks found in Delaware is 1.2 billion years (Thompson, 2008). This information is obtained through radioactive dating of rocks, as done by the Delaware Geological Survey. Paleocene, approximated to be 65.5 to 56 million years ago, had a cooler and remarkably dry climate. It is during this period that the continents continued their movement to their present positions. There were warm seas that surrounded the world and the modern plant species emerged. Animals started growing bigger during this period and they started occupying diverse niches. Dinosaurs got extinct, and mammals, birds, and reptiles flourished, whi le grass started to grow. Examples of rocks found during this period are the Mesozoic sedimentary

International Relations Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

International Relations - Assignment Example Study of international relationship also pertains to finding amicable means towards the resolution of the problems faced through diplomatic engagement of the parties (Wilkinson 2007). Realism is based on the mindset of military might, war hysteria and aiming to gain maximum ground against the rivals. The military empowerment and use of force as a means to protecting oneself makes up for the main idea of realism. In practical scenario, the Cold war era depicted the realism in terms of international relationship. In the light of realism, the countries aimed at establishing their influence by providing military and other forms of assistance that was directed towards a less safe world. Liberalism on the other hand does not stress for hardcore usage and empowering oneself with the state of the art military equipment and arsenal, instead it advocates the presence of intergovernmental organizations such as United Nations and other associated entities. The NATO and other economic entities established for purpose of economic corporation make up for liberalism model. Economic prosperity and Mutual Corporation is sought as an alternate to realism. Liberalism aims at finding hope for mutual co existence. A state is characterized by number of factors. These are total of four factors. These factors include presence of territory with fix defined boundary. The second variable of state is that of population. A specific amount of people is a necessary factor for a group of people to be declared a state. The third factor is presence of government within that would be administered over the people and internal affairs. The fourth basic element of a state is it should be able to engage itself in relationship and exchange of views, dialogue with the foreign world. This comes in the form of recognition of the global community. The recognition may be done

The positive and harmful effects of using a birth control Research Paper

The positive and harmful effects of using a birth control - Research Paper Example The positive and harmful effects of using a birth control can be best gauged by understanding the advantages and disadvantages of each of the methods of preventing pregnancy. Barrier methods of birth control or contraception are methods that work by physically obstructing the vaginal canal, preventing the sperms from entering the woman’s uterus, thereby inhibiting fertilization. Gordon (2004) avers that the common forms of barrier methods of birth control are male and female condoms, spermicide and diaphragm. A male condom is a thin, flexible sheath made from latex, polyurethane or lambskin. Worn over an erect penis before intercourse, a male condom is equipped with a small reservoir at the tip which collects the sperms during ejaculation and prevents them from entering the vagina. It is the most easy to use, inexpensive and widely available form of contraceptive with no side effects unless one is allergic to latex. When used correctly and consistently, a male condom has an efficacy rate of 85- 86 percent. Gordon (2004) avers that the male condom reduces the risk of transmission of sexually transmitted diseases. On the flip side, a male condom is often accused of dulling sexual sensations and intruding intimate foreplay. A female condom is about a seven-inch long pouch with two flexible rings at each end. Inserted into the vagina prior to the intercourse, the female condom prevents the cervix, vaginal canal, and the surrounding vaginal skin from coming in contact with the penis or the secretions from the penis. The use of female condom entails the absence of any side effects except to the women who are allergic to latex. Ease of availability without prescription and potency to mitigate the risk of transmission of sexually transmitted diseases are the advantages of using female condoms. Female condoms are however